4. |
問:何謂「識體四分?」 |
答: |
一、八識自體皆有四分,謂相分、見分(外二分 |
─現象界)、自證分、證自證分(內二分─自體 |
界)。 |
(一)相分:又名所取分,即被心、心所見分了 |
別之境相。 |
可分為二: |
1、本質相分:第八阿賴耶識所頓變,即第八識 |
種子所生之實質色法。 |
2、影像相分:七轉識等所緣境,唯變影像,不 |
得本質。例如第六意識浮現空花、兔角之相,唯 |
有影像而無所依托之本質。 |
(二)見分:又作能取分,即能了別、分別相分 |
之心、心所法。 |
(三)自證分:又作自體分,即自體證知見分之 |
作用,亦即自體能證知自識見分緣相分之量果。 |
(四)證自證分:即證知「自證分」緣「見分」 |
之量果,亦即自證分之再證知。於八識中皆各具 |
有此四分,為眾生分別作用時所必備者,例如度 |
量一事物,應有「能量」(見分)作為尺度,亦 |
應有「所量」(相分)作為對象,該有「量果」 |
(自證分)以得知大小、長短等,而將自證分之 |
「量果」再加以證知,則為證自證分,故自證分、 |
證自證分二者均有量果之功能。 |
師曰:四分以鏡子作比喻: |
(1)相分:鏡面光明所映現之「影像」。 |
(2)見分:由自證分鏡面轉生轉起之「照用」。 |
(3)自證分:鏡面是鏡的自證,其如實顯現是 |
「照」、是「寂」。 |
(4)證自證分:能證明鏡面之鏡背。 |
二、每一個識都有四分,以第八識而論: |
(一)相分(所):根身、器界、一切種,即第 |
八識見分所緣者(第八識生彼反緣彼),恆為性 |
境,屬三細相之「現相」。 |
(二)見分(能):是「照用」之意,為現量之 |
自性分別,屬三細相之「轉相」。 |
(三)自證分:第八識「識自體」,為現量,屬 |
三細相之「業相」。 |
(四)證自證分:能證知自證分之作用,亦為是 |
現量。 |
三、依四分薰習種子而論: |
(一)轉識於薰習第八識之種子時,見分薰能緣 |
種子,稱為見分薰;相分薰所緣種子,稱為相分 |
薰,二者總稱「用能薰」。 |
(二)自證分薰其自種子,稱為「自體薰、體能 |
薰」。 |
(三)證自證分則無能薰之勢用,蓋自證分與證 |
自證分均是現量故,自證分之再證知故。 |
(四)見、相二分稱為外二分,自證、證自證二 |
分則稱為內二分。實則內二分係依持種識而言, |
有能藏之第八識及所含藏八識之一切種,故亦稱 |
識自體分,乃是見分、相分所依之識自體。內二 |
分並非是推論分別的假立,非是思想、亦非是學 |
說之虛幻法,而是可證成「唯識無境」之「真實 |
唯識」。 |
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Wednesday, 20 June 2018
問:何謂「識體四分?」
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