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Saturday, 23 June 2018
邱信忠,〈蕅益智旭唯識思想研究:以《成唯識論觀心法要》為中心〉
邱信忠,〈蕅益智旭唯識思想研究:以《成唯識論觀心法要》為中心〉,
高雄:國立高雄師範大學國文學系,102學年度,412頁。
指導教授:林文欽
關鍵字:蕅益智旭 唯識學 晚明佛教 成唯識論觀心法要 性相融通
【摘要】
本文以〈蕅益智旭唯識思想研究:以《成唯識論觀心法要》為中心〉為題,
目的在探討蕅益智旭對《成唯識論》經典註解的架構與特色。全文約計四十萬
餘字,共分為七章:
第一章「緒論」說明研究動機、界定研究範圍,以及目前學術界對蕅益智旭
唯識學學研究概況,並探討本論文的研究方法。
第二章「蕅益智旭唯識思想的背景」分析蕅益智旭的學思歷程,及晚明唯識
學研究的概況,從而歸納蕅益智旭唯識學的思想背景。
第三章「慈恩正義的釐清與還原」說明蕅益智旭對真諦舊譯與玄奘新譯唯識
學的抉擇。以凸顯智旭視陳那、護法、玄奘一系為相宗正義的觀點;並藉玄奘
《八識規矩頌》提出的三類境,概述唐人、明代性境說的差別,分析智旭對性
境義的釐清;其次,概述《宗鏡錄》與明代唯識研究者對所緣緣義的異說,並
分析智旭通過疏解《觀所緣緣論》來釐清所緣緣「帶己相」義;最後,比較智
旭所疏解《因明入正理論直解》、《唐奘師真唯識量》與明代因明學研究者的差
別,說明智旭在晚明因明學的貢獻。
第四章「唯心與唯識的調和」說明智旭對「三界唯心」與「萬法唯識」兩系
統說法的調和,建構異於天臺的「心意識」說;再剖析智旭對護法本新種子說
的吸收,及依《法華》一佛乘說來改造唯識學五種性說;其後,說明智旭對護
法四分說的吸收,並藉「一即一切,一切即一」的概念發明獨特的相分、見分、
自證分、證自證分等四分說;末節,說明智旭融會《大乘止觀法門》三止三觀
與《成唯識論》三性三無性的疏解特色。
第五章「《成唯識論》造論宗趣」先說明《成唯識論》中末那識迷與悟的差
別,並闡述智旭以現前一念的實修來理解末那相應心所的註解特色;次說明《成
唯識論》對第六識的分析,並以此說明智旭對「專用六識」說的檢討;其三,
說明《成唯識論》破外道、小乘九難成立萬法唯識,並探究智旭對此部分的闡
102學年度臺灣地區明代研究博士論文摘要 .227.
述內涵;末則說明智旭以《楞伽經》「俗故相有別,真故相無別」建立《成唯識
論》真俗二諦說。並以此說明「識轉變的漏與無漏」,進而建構「真俗二諦二而
不二」的圓融觀。
第六章「五位五觀」分別概述《成唯識論》所立「資糧位」、「加行位」、「通
達位」三位,並指出智旭以天臺化法四教對《成唯識論》的判釋;其次,說明
《成唯識論》修習位的內涵,並闡述藏、通、別、圓四教中菩薩十地的異同;
再次,分「四涅槃與四智菩提」、「無漏的法報應三身」、「三身土體用差別」等三
小節說明究竟佛果位的境界;最末,說明智旭標舉唯識五觀,以為《成唯識論》
教法即備觀法,並將五觀與《大乘止觀法門》相融,發展獨特的「觀心法要」說。
第七章為「結論」歸納蕅益智旭唯識學具有「教理的還原與融通的發展」、「性
相不二與觀心的法門」、「晚明唯識的中堅」、「影響與價值」等四項特點。
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