(法光雜誌,295 期,p1,2014.04)
南北傳的經論都強調「如理作意」的重要性,以下先略引經論來
作說明。南傳《相應部》中,佛陀說:
(1)諸比丘!日輪上昇時之先驅、前相者,即是明相出。諸比
丘!如是比丘,生起七覺支時之先驅、前相者,為如理作意。
(2)諸比丘!為諸法之善、善分、善友者,皆以如理作意為根
本,等趣於如理作意,以如理作意為諸法最上之名。
(3)諸比丘!言內支分者,不見其他有一支分,能起七覺支者,
比丘!此即如理作意。
(4)諸比丘!太陽上昇時,先驅之前相,即明相出。諸比丘!
如是比丘,起八支聖道時,先驅之前相,是如理作意具足。
可知禪修者必須經由如理作意,才能生起七覺支和八支聖道,因
而能夠得到解脫。以上這些和北傳的經論是一致的,《大毘婆沙論》
卷 54 說:
(1)如世尊說:「二因、二緣能生正見,一外聞他法音,二內如
理作意。」
(2)如契經說:「人有四法,多有所作:一親近善士,二聽聞正
法,三如理作意,四法隨法行。」
可知聽聞正法後要如理作意。
南傳的內觀大師,如阿姜念、帕奧
禪師、讚念長老等都重視在生活中的如理作意。但是如何在生活中如
理作意呢?依據南傳阿毗達摩的看法,一般人在生活中看到「色所緣」
時,立刻生起「眼門心路過程」和「意門心路過程」。
眼門心路過程的七種路心是:1.五門轉向心,2.眼識,3.領受心,
4.推度心,5.確定心,6.速行心,7.彼所緣心。
意門心路過程的三種路心是 1.意門轉向心,2.速行心,3.彼所緣
心。
2
如果眼門心路過程的「確定心」以及意門心路過程的「意門轉向
心」的確定作用是不如理作意,接著生起的速行心即是不善的。反之,
如果是如理作意,接著生起的速行心是善的。耳、鼻、舌、身門的心
路過程也都類似。
在這些心路過程中,「確定心」以及「意門轉向心」都具有 12 個
名法:1.識 2.觸 3.受 4.想 5.思 6.一境性 7.命根 8.作意 9.尋 10.伺 11.勝
解 12.精進。
此中的「作意」是推動或指揮相應法朝向所緣,「勝解」是確定
所緣的性質。可以看出,這 12 個名法中的關鍵角色是「勝解」。有二
種勝解:a「邪勝解」是確定所緣為常、樂、我、淨等,接著生起「不
如理作意」。b「正勝解」則是確定所緣為無常、苦、無我、不淨等,
接著生起「如理作意」。
北傳論典也有相似的主張,《瑜伽師地論》卷 95 說:
(1)又即於彼諸惡說法毘奈耶中,聞不正法,起「邪勝解」,於
不如理生起如理顛倒妄想,於不如理不如實知是不如理。又
於聽聞正法如理不如實知是其如理。由於「如理及不如理」
不實知故,造作苦諦、集諦雜染。
(2)與此相違,聽聞正法起「正勝解」,於其如理,無不如理顛
倒妄想;於其如理,如實了知是其如理,…如實觀無我、我
所。當於聖諦入現觀時,於見所斷所有諸漏皆得解脫。」
所以,禪修者聽聞正法後,要一再思擇,薰習出強而有力的「正
勝解」,因而能於根塵接觸的當下生起「如理作意」,這是禪修的關鍵
處。
Blogs
-
-
-
‘Belief in this world’ begins from feeling - “Belief in this world” — which we might define as faith that this world and what we do in it is genuinely significant — was a paramount value for Gilles De...3 weeks ago
-
-
读过Murder is Easy - [image: Murder is Easy] 备注: Agatha Christie就是好看,雖然感情線很牽強,但懸疑的部份很好看,很久沒有3天看完一本小說了1 month ago
-
15 Years in the Making: The Headline I’ve Been Waiting For - The prehistoric people of the Strait of Gibraltar knew how to navigate 6,000 years ago3 months ago
-
LABOR OPTICS - LABOR OPTICS Labor Optics is part of an ongoing research into machine learning technologies, labor ethics, and the futures of work. The visualizations th...2 years ago
-
Mastery and Value – Part 1 - The Fahkee – Symbol for the Path of Mastery Mastery of some skill is a type of project we all take on multiple times during our life. If we chart our progr...4 years ago
-
-
Mind is its own cause - ouroboros loop Following on from the previous article on the repeated failures to produce mind from machines (Artificial Intelligence or AI), Paul Kienie...5 years ago
-
Does Boris Johnson believe in the meme-theory of terrorism? - Boris and his mentor Is British Prime Minister Boris Johnson a memeticist? Does he believe that religious terrorism is a form of contagious mental delus...5 years ago
-
Khitan Fragments from the Tomb of Yelü Pugu - Jinbaotun Cemetery In 2016 two large tombs (designated M1 and M2) were excavated at the Jinbaotun cemetery 金宝屯墓地 in Kailu County in eastern Inner Mongolia....6 years ago
-
霍金留下的启示 - 2018年3月17日 星期六 03:30 AM 文/纪赟 来自/联合早报 http://www.zaobao.com.sg/forum/views/opinion/story20180317-843412 3月14日,英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金终于摆脱了困扰他大半生的残酷疾病,获得了彻底的自由。在严肃刻板的学界...7 years ago
-
-
How Clinton Lost, by the Numbers, and More - Image source In order to understand how Trump became president, it is helpful to look at the actual numbers. The following statistics are taken from the ...8 years ago
-
能断金刚般若波罗密多经释(太虚大师) - 能断金刚般若波罗密多经释 太 虚 *目录* 能断金刚般若波罗密多经释... 1 【悬 论】... 3 一 明佛法大义... 3 二 解本经题目... 6 甲 考异本... 6 乙 讲经题... 6 丙 讲译题... 8 【释 经】... 8 甲一 序分... 8 乙一 通序... 8 ...8 years ago
-
Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind. - Nikolić, D. (2014) arXiv:1402.5332 [q-bio.NC]. Details11 years ago
-
THIS IS THE WEBLOG OF DAVID BRAZIER - This site is now an archive: current and new material is at http://eleusis.ning.com/ .... go to most recent news ... Buddhist teacher, of unconventional vi...13 years ago
-
Kindle, E-books, and Hacking - [image: kindle2] I’m a great lover of books. I spent much of my childhood with a room of the house dedicated to books (aka the “library room”). By the ti...15 years ago
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Wednesday, 2 May 2018
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment