2011年6月4日
劉健威
救救白居寺
遊西藏,印象最深的不是規模宏偉的布達拉宮或扎什倫布寺,而是位於日喀則的白居寺。
這是一組建築風格十分獨特美麗的寺院,遊罷念念不忘,還有點替它擔心,因為其珍貴程度跟管理的粗疏頗不成比例。
白居寺有六百年歷史。西藏佛教有着不同教派,彼此常有紛爭,很難共存,但只有在白居寺,薩迦、噶當、格魯三大教派的僧侶能共住一寺,和平相處,各自修行。白居寺在建築上最具特色的是,除了主體的措欽大殿,還有個白居塔;這個塔既是塔,也是寺;塔分九層,高約三十三米,每層佛堂圍繞;全塔共有小型佛堂七十七間。
佛堂面積很小,每個大約只有三四十方呎;因採自然光,故光線黝暗,氣氛神秘。但最動人的是,每座佛殿都有佛像雕塑,牆壁上畫滿密宗故事;塑像和繪畫都很優美動人,且帶異域風格,據說建塔時可能是尼泊爾畫師完成畫稿,再由藏人完成。大小佛像多不勝數,故此塔又有「十萬佛塔」之稱。難得的是,繪畫雕塑經歷六百年,依然十分完好,稱之為「小敦煌」也不為過。
逐個佛堂的看,既看得興奮,也同時擔心——持票進塔,只有一個人查票,跟要拍照的人拿十元,就讓他獨自參觀;完全沒有人看管佛堂和遊客,所以繪畫和雕塑尚能保持完整,是奇迹。
佛堂太珍貴了,遊客走進去的話,佛像壁畫都伸手可及,這很不合理;閃燈拍照,也會破壞繪畫;由此可見,該寺完全沒有現代管理文物概念,怎不教人擔心?香港不乏關顧佛教文化的有心人,像何鴻毅先生就設有推廣佛教文化的基金會,最近也有人捐了數百萬助敦煌繪畫數碼化;真希望有人能幫助白居寺管理,這是大功德一件也。
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Friday, 3 June 2011
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